jhs;
- 1
1/ njhw;wf;fpuk Muha;r;rpa[k;. kUj;Jt tuyhWk;
- cly; TWfs; kw;Wk; cly; jj;Jtk;/
2/ kUj;Jt jhtu ,ay; - caph; ntjpay;/
3/ Fzghlk;
m)
\ypif (M)
jhJg; bghUs;
,)
r';fkk; bghUs;
njhw;wf;fpuk
Muha;;r;rpa[k;
kUj;Jt
tuyhWk;
m)
rpj;jhe;jk; tpsf;fk;
M)
mUt cUt tpsf;fk;
,)
96 jj;Jt tpsf;fk;
<)
cly; jj;Jtk;
c)
cUt tpsf;fk; - bghUs; tpsf;fk;
C)
gjp gR ghrk; - tpsf;fk;
v)
rpt jj;Jtk;
V)
rf;jp jj;Jtk;
I)
Ik;g{jk; - Ik;bghwpfs; - Ik;g[yd;fs;
tpsf;fk;/
x)
rpj;j kUj;Jt bfhs;iffSk; - epiyahd
tpsf;fk;/
X)
msitfs; - mjd; tpsf;fk;/
jpUf;Tj;J
- kzp ke;jpu mtpH;jk;
gjp
gR ghrk; - msitfs; mjd; tpsf;fk; - 18 rpj;jh;fs;
tuyhW - jpU\yh; - njud; tuyhW kw;Wk; vGjpa
g[j;jfk; - a{fp tuyhW - vGjpa g[j;jfk; - mfj;jpah;
tuyhW - vGjpa g[j;jfk; jpUts;Sth;-* kUj;Jtk;
* vd;w mjpfhuj;jpy; Twpa gj;J Fws; - tpsf;fk;/
neha;
eho neha; Kjy; eho ///////////////// tpsf;Ff/
rpW
Fwpg;g[ tiuf :
gj;jpak;
- gl;odp - gw;W / bjhf;fzk; - xj;jlk; thjk;
-Kg;g[ -g{ePh; - fhafw;gk; - ngjp kUj;Jtk;
- the;jp kUj;Jtk; - ntJ - ,L kUe;J - e";R
- 14 ntfk; - xg;g[iu - vjph;Uiu - jkpH; kUj;Jt
tuyhW - rpj;jh;fs; tuyhW/
cly;
TWfs;
vd;g[fs;
:
Ks;se;jz;L
gFjp - epiwtk;rpfs; - Fiwtk;rpfs; - fGj;Jtk;rpfs;
- KJFtk;rpfs;
,iltk;rpfs;
- g[r;rk; - tpj;jpahrkhd tk;rpfs; - mr;R -
jiyjh';fp/
jiy
vd;g[fs; :
be";rf
vd;g[ - g[avd;g[ - thFvd;g[ - brj;U vd;g[
- ,uj;jpd vd;g[ - Miu vd;g[ - fhy;FsR vd;g[
- bjhil vd;g[ - esf vd;g[ - ru vd;g[ - rpy;
vd;g[/
bghUj;Jf
-
Ks;se;jz;L
bghUj;J - Tgf bghUj;Jfs; - KH';if bghUj;Jfs;
- ,Lg;g[ -Mz; bgz; Tgf vd;g[fs; tpj;jpahrk;
vd;d >
czh;t[
cWg;g[fs; :
fhJ
- fz; - \f;F - ehf;F - njhy;
ngrpfs;
:
jiyKfngrp
- cl;fhangrp - mjfha ngrp/ Kz;lj;Jg; ngrpfs;/
be";R/ tapw;Wg; ngrpfs;/ KJFg; ngrpfs;
ehofs;
:
cl;fha
ehofs; - be";R fz;liu ehofs; -
,hPf eho - ,Uja eho - mdhk eho - fphPteho
- tapw;W fz;liw eho - Tgfeho - mjfha eho/
ehs';fs; :
g[g;g[r
ehs';fs; - cl;fha mjfha ehsk;/ fGj;J/ jiy
ehs';fs;/ nky;Ffh ehsk;/ fPH;Ffh ehs';fs;/
,hPf ehs';fs;.
rhPu
cs; cWg;g[fs; gw;wpa gog;g[
m) rPuz kz;lyk; :
tha;.
bjhz;il. ,iuFHy;. ,ug;ig. rpWFly;. bgU';Fly;.
ckpH;ePh; nfhs';fs;. <uy;. gpj;jg;ig. fizak;.
gPspfk;. eh';TH;/
M) gp";ruk; : ,Ujak;. Fuy;tis. RthrFHy;. g[g;g[rk;/
gpj;jg;ig. fizak;. gPspfk;.
eh';TH;/
,) gpUf;fk; : nkfjp. rythfp. ryg;ig
<) $dd cWg;g[fs; :
Mz;
: g[ujnfhsk;. rpRdk; - gP$';fs; - gP$bfho - tpijg;ig
bgz;
: ryg;ig
- rythfp - nahdp mfy; - rpidg;ig - rpidg;ghij
/
\is
nfhs
';fs; :
euk;g[
kz;lyk; - \is kz;lyk; - fghy euk;g[ - fnrU
euk;g[ - cl;fha rhyk; - ,Lg;g[ rhyk; - gPoif
rhyk; - rfntj gFjp /
cly;
jj;Jtk;
m) bghUs; jj;Jtk; :
Kjy;
fU - chpg;bghUs;fs; - mUtk; - mUt[Utk; - cUtg;bghUs;fs;/
M) mUtg;bghUs;
mwpt[
- Mw;wy; - xyp - xsp - mUnshd;- Mz;lhd;.gilg;nghd;
- fhg;nghd; - mHpg;nghd;/
,) mUcUtg;; bghUl;fs; : rpj;J/ mrpj;J/ gjp.
gR/ ghrk;. bjhz;q}w;W MW jj;Jt';fs;
<) g";rg{j g";rPfuzk; : kz; . ePh;. jPtsp. tpz;. g{j';fspd; fphpiafs;/
c) cUtg;bghUs; : mepe;jphpag; bghUs; - ,e;jphpag;
bghUs;/
C) caph; : caphpay; - ghpzhkk;/
v) njhw;wKk; xLf;fKk;/ :
cyfj;njhw;wk;
- xLf;fk; . khw;wj;jhy; MaJ cyfk;. gFjpfshy;
MaJ cyfk; /
V) rPtd; :
mUt rPtd; - mUt[UtrPtd; - cUt rPtd;
/
I) tpyk;
x) 96 jj;Jt';fspd; tpsf;fk;
X) 96 jj;Jt';fspd; bjhHpy;
xs) cly; jhJf;fs; : urk; - ,uj;jk; - khkprk; - \is - tpe;J
- vd;g[ - bfhGg;g[/
1/ nfhr';fs; : kndhkaf; nfhrk; - md;dkaf; nfhrk; - gpuhzkaf;
nfhrk; - tp";"hdikaf; nfhrk; - Mde;jkaf; nfhrk;/ kndhkaf; nfhrj;jpd; tpsf;fk;
je;Jfpfs;
- eho - ehsk; - ,jak; - FUjpapd; Fzk; - FUjp
ciwjy; - FUjp tpy';fs; - FUjpj; bjhFg;g[fs;
- FUjpr; Rw;nwhl;lk; - ,Ujar; RHw;rp - ,Uja
xypfs; - jdpj;J ,a';Fk; xypfs; - eho - FUjp
xl;lk;/
2/ gpuhz kaf; nfhrk; : Rthrk;. Rthr epfH;r;rpfs;/
3/ md;dkaf; nfhrk; : md;dkaf; nfhrj;jpd;
tpsf;fk;/
4/ czt[g; bghUs;fspd; mk;r';fs; : rf;if ./
rj;J. Rit . Fzk; . gUt fhy';fSk;-czt[g; bghUs;fSk;
. fgg; bghUs;fs;. gpj;jg; bghUs;fs; . thjg;
bghUs;fs;. brhpkdk;. nrhlzk;. tsh;rpij khw;wk;/
5/ fHpt[ ePf;fk; : tprh;f;fk; . mKhp ePh;.
njhy; clw;fh';if jpl;l mikg;g[
6/ Ma[s; fhyj;ij bty;Yk; cWg;g[fs; : cs;spilr;
Rug;gpfs;. rpidg;ig. gpUnfhghp. bfh';iffs;.
Rtyp. tPjd nfhsk;. ghYfk;. fizar; rj;J. gPrk;/
7/ tp";"hdikaf; nfhrk; : mwpt[. me;jf;fuzk;.
tpid. kz;lyk;. Kf;Fzk;. Mjhuk;. mtj;ij. Kj;njhlk;.
gj;Jthjk;. gj;Jeho. btspj;J}z;liy tuntw;Fk;
euk;g[ tpy';fs;. gjpdhd;F ntf';fs;. jpl;lkpl;l
euk;g[ ntfk;. jpl;lkplhj euk;g[ ntfk;. Ik;g[yd;fSk;.
Ik;bghwpfSk;/
8/ Mde;j kaf; nfhrk; : mwpt[ Muha;r;rp . kuzk;.
fhafw;gk;/
9/ ahf;ifapd; ,aw;if ,yf;fzk; : Ie;jpiz. fhy
xGf;fk;. fU cw;gj;jp. bry; mikg;g[. vYk;g[k;
jira[k;. Rthrk;. brhpf;Fk; Ez;ik behjpfs;/
,uj;jk; ,uj;j xl;lk;. rpWePh; kz;lyk;.
euk;gpay;. eyk; bra;g[yd;fs; m) tpHp (M) brtp - ehskpy;yh Rug;gpfs;/
kUj;Jt
jhtu ,ay; caphpay; Kd;Diu jhtu tpy';Ffis fz;lwpa[k;
gz;g[fs; ( Distinguishing Features ) jhtutpay; kw;Wk; mjd; gphpt[fs;/ jhtu kz;lyj;jpd;
tifg;ghL/
M";rpnah!;bgh;kpd; g[wj;njhw;w mikg;g[ nth;.
jz;L. ,iy. k";rhp kyh; kw;Wk; kyhpd; ghf';fs;/
,Utpj;jpiy. kw;Wk; xUtpj;jpiy. jhtuj;jpd;
kyh;fs;. fdpfs; kw;Wk; tpijfs; jdpf;fdp-cyh; kw;Wk; rijf;fdp. jpus;fdp
kw;Wk; Tl;Lf;fdp/
rpy
,Utpj;jpiy kw;Wk; xU tpj;jpiy tpijfs; vz;bza;
tpijfs;. epiyepWj;jg;gl;l vz;bza;fs; (Fixed Oils) . M";rpnah$;bgh;fspd; cly; ,dg;bgUf;fk; kw;Wk;
Kisj;jy; (Vegetative propogation and Germination)
M";rpnah!;bgh;k;fspd; tifg;ghl;oay; (Systematic
Botany) tifg;ghl;oaypd; tuyhW (History of Taxenomy)
jhtu';fSf;F bgahpl;ly;
(Nomenclature) bcwh;nghpak; bra;a[k; Kiwfs;/ braw;if Kiw
kw;Wk; ,ay;g[ Kiw tifg;gLj;Jjy; - Kd;Diu (Introduction to artificial and
natural system of classification) g{f;Fk; jhtu';fspd; tifg;gLj;jy; - fnuhy!;
tpd;nda!pd; tifg;gLj;Jjy; (Carolus Linnaeuss System of classification) - bge;jk;
cwPf;fhpd; tifg;gLj;jy; (Menthem and Hookers System of Classification)
fPH;f;fhqk;
FLk;g';fs; kUj;Jtk; rk;ge;jkhd kw;Wk; kUj;Jtk;
gad;bfhz;l Kf;fpakhd gz;g[fs; :
| 1 |
nudhd;Fnyrp |
26 |
+gpna!p |
| 2 |
kf;ndhyp |
27 |
fk;nghrpnl |
| 3 |
mndh nd!p |
28 |
fg;nghnl!p |
| 4 |
bkdp!;bgh;nkrp |
29 |
bghuh$pnd!p |
| 5 |
epk;gpna!p |
30 |
mnghi!nd!p |
| 6 |
ghg;ghtnu!p |
31 |
m!;fpspgpanl!p |
| 7 |
FUrpngnu |
32 |
bfhz;thy;t[ny!p |
| 8 |
fhg;ghhpnlrp |
33 |
b!hynd!p |
| 9 |
fl;obgnu |
34 |
!;f;nuhg[nyhpna!p |
| 10 |
ilg;blnuhfhh;;ng!p |
35 |
gpf;ndhdpna!p |
| 11 |
khy;nt!p |
36 |
mnfdnj!p |
| 12 |
!;blh;Fny!p |
37 |
bth;gpnd!p |
| 13 |
oypna!p |
38 |
nykpna!p |
| 14 |
i$nfhgpy;ny!p |
39 |
epf;lh$pnd!p |
| 15 |
U:l;nl!p |
40 |
mkuhe;nj!p |
| 16 |
kPypna!p |
41 |
nghypnfhnd!p |
| 17 |
nrgpd;nl!p |
42 |
mhp!;nlhnyhf;- |
| 18 |
mdfhh;ona!p |
|
fpna!p |
| 19 |
byFkpnd!p |
43 |
igg;gh;nu!p |
| 20 |
nuhn!!p |
44 |
kph;!;ofh!p |
| 21 |
nfhk;gphpnl!p |
45 |
!;iflhkpnd |
| 22 |
kph;nl!p |
46 |
g[nghh;gpna!p |
| 23 |
ypj;nu!p |
47 |
ch;onf!p |
| 24 |
Ffh;gpnl!p |
48 |
tpypna!p |
| 25 |
mk;bgypgphp |
49 |
ghy;nk |
|
|
|
50 |
fpuhkpnd |
jhtu';fspd;
NH;epiyf;F jFe;j jf mikg;g[fs; mog;gil mwpt[
(An Elementary knowledge of adaptation of plants
and environment)
eLepiyj; jhtu';fs; (Mesophytes)- twl;rp epyj; jhtu';fs; (Xerophytes) - ePh;thH;j; jhtu';fs; (Hydrophytes) - cg;gpj; jhtu';fs; (Mangrove Vegetation)-rJg;g[ epyj; jhtu';fs; (Halophytes) g{thj; jhtu';fs; g[wj; njhw;w mikg;g[ kw;Wk; thH;f;iff;
RHw;rp Kiw kUj;Jtk; rk;ge;jkhf (In relation to medicine) fpnurpnyhpah (Gracilaria) - bgd;rpypak; (Pencillium) - oiug;blhp!; (Dryopteris) - ghh;nkypah (Parmelia) - g{thj; jhtu';fspd; kUj;Jtg; gad;/ kUe;jwptpay;
(Pharmcognostic Study)Kf;fpaj;Jtk;-nehf;fk; fPH;fz;l ghf';fspd; jhtutpay;
fz;L mwpjy;
(Botonical identity)
- jkpH; bgah; (Vernacular
Name)
- FLk;gk; (Family) - tsUkplk; (Distribution) - tshpay;g[ (Habit) - gad;gLj;Jk; ghf';fspd; g[w mikg;g[ (Morphology
of parts used)- kUe;Jr; rj;Jfs; (Chamical Constituents) - bra;if
(Action) - kw;Wk; kUj;Jt gad;fs; (Medicinal uses) - nth;fs;. jiu fPH;j;jz;Lfs;- fl;ilfs;. gl;ilfs;.
,iyfs;. jhtug;g[w;Wfs;. kyh;fs;. fdpfs;. tpijfs;.
r\y';fs;/ \ypiffspd; fyg;glk; cs;sJ (m) fyg;glk;
,y;yhjJ vd vt;thW fz;lwptha; > (Adulteration)
btspehLfSf;F
Vw;Wkjp/ ,wf;Fkjp bra;ag;gLk; (Export
& Import)
kUj;Jt jhtu';fspd; bgah;fs; kw;Wk; gad;gLk;
ghf';fis TWf >
jkpH;ehl;oy;
fhzg;gLk; rpy e";Rj; jhtu';fspd; bgah;fis
TWf/>
ck;
/ musp/
caph;
ntjpapay; (BIO
- CHEMISTRY)
1/ fhh;nghicwonul;Lfs;
fhh;ngh
icwl;nul;Lfspd; tifg;ghL. xw;iwr; rh;f;fiufspd;
ntjpapy; kw;Wk; clw; braypay; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;
(FSnfh!; . gpuf;nlh!;). ,ul;ilr; rh;f;fiufs;
(khy;nlh!;. nyf;nlh!;. Rf;nuh!;)/ gy rh;f;fiufs;
(!;lhh;r; kw;Wk; fpisnfh$d; ) . kpa{nfh gy
rh;f;fiufs; /
(
Carbohydrates : Classification of carbohydrates,
Chemistry and Physiological Significance of
monosaccharides (Glucose and Fructose) Disaccharid
(Starch and Glycogen) and mucopoly saccharides.
2/
bfhGg;g[fs; -
bfhGg;g[fspd;
tifg;ghL. bfhGg;g[ mkpy';fspd; tifg;ghL. bfhGg;g[fs;.
gh!;ngh bfhGg;g[fs;. brhpg;nuhi!l;!;. !;ouha;Lfs;.
gpsh!;kh. bfhGg;g[ g[uj';fs;/
(Lipids
: Classification of lipids fatty acids, fats,
phospholipids, cerebrosides, steroids and
plasma lepoproteins.)
3/ g[uj';fs; -
bghJf;
Fz';fs;. tifg;ghL. mkpndh mkpy';fspd; tifg;ghL.
bgg;ilLfs;/
(
Proteins : General properties, classification,
Amino acids, Classification, peptides, physiologically
important peptides.)
4/ epa{f;spf; mkpy';fs; -
epf;spnahilL
kwWk; epa{f;spnah i!:Lfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;.
epa{f;spf; mkpy';fspd; cl;bghUl;fs; kw;Wk;
mjd; mikg;g[/
(
Nucleic acids : Importance of Nucleotides
and Nucleisides, Nucleicacids composition
and structure.)
5/ rPuzk; -
fhh;nghicwl;nul;Lfs;.
bfhGg;g[fs; kw;Wk; g[uj';fspd; rPuzk; kw;Wk;
mtw;wpd; cl;fpufpg;g[/
(
Digestion of food stuffs : digestion and absorption
of carbohydrates fat and protein.)
6/ tsh;rpij khw;wk; -
fhh;nghicwonul;L.
bfhGg;g[ kw;Wk; g[uj';fs; Mfpatw;wpd; tsh;rpij
khw;wk; o/rp/V/ irf;fps;/
(Metabolism
: Brief study of metabolism and carbohydrates
lipids and proteins with special reference
to T.C.A. Cycle.
7/ behjpfs; -
bghJthd
Fz';fs;/ tifg;ghL kUj;Jt Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j
behjpfs; - my;fiyd; gh!;gnl!;. Mrpl; gh!;gnl!;/
(Enzyme
: Generail properties enzymes in clinical
diagnosis ( example S.G.O.T) S.G.P T. L.D.H.
Alkaline phosphatase and Acid phosphate)
8. itl;lkpd;fs; -
ntjpapay;.
clw;bray;fs;. Fiwg;ghl;oy; tpist[fs;. jpdj;njitfs;
- bfhGg;gpy; fiua[k; itl;lkpd;fs; (itl;lkpd;
V. o. <. nf)
(2) ePhpy; fiua[k; itl;lkpd;fs; - gp
fhk;g;bsf;!; itl;lkpd;fs; kw;Wk; itl;lkpd;/
(Vitamins
Chemistry, Physiological rule, deficiency
manifestation, sources and daily allowances
of the following vitamins, fat soluble, Vitamins
A, D, E and K water soluable vitamins Thiamine,
Ribofavin, Thyridoine, willacin panthothoric
acid, Blotin. Foli acid group, vitamin B 12,
Lopoic acid inosital and PABA)
9/ jhJ cg;g[fs; -
bghpa
jdpk';fs;. nrhoak;. bghl;lhrpak;. FnshiuL.
fhy;rpak;. gh!;gu!;. bkf;dPrpak;. ry;g;h;/
rpwpa fdpk';fs; - ,Uk;g[. mnahod;. jhkpuk;.
Jj;jehfk;. g[nshhpd;. kh';fdP!;. nfhghy;l;L.
khypg;Ozk;. brspdPak;/
(Mineral
Metabolism : Principal Elements (Macronutrients)
Sodium, potassium, Calcium, Phosphorus, magnesium,
Sulphur and Chloride Treca elements (Micronutriens)
iron, iodine, copper, zinc, Fluorine, Manganes,
cobert, Molybdenum and selenium.)
10. ePhpd; tsh;rpij khw;wk; -
clypd;
jz;zPh; FiwtJ mjpfkhtJ. rhprk tpfpjj;jpy;
,Ug;gJ/
(Water
Metabolism ):
11/ cztpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; -
fhh;nghicwl;nul;Lfs;.
bfhGg;g[fs;. g[uj';fspd;. fnyhhpf; mst[. czt[f;
Fiwg;ghl;odhy; tUk; neha;fs; - Fth!pahh;f;fh;
kw;Wk; kuh!;k!;/
(Elements
of Nutrition : Calorific value of
Carbohydrate, fat and protein and their
requirements. Diseases of malnutrition.)
12. cwhh;nkhd;fs; -
gpl;a{l;lhp
Rug;gpapd; cwhh;nkhd;fs;. ijuha;L cwhh;nkhd;fs;.
ghuh ijuha;L cwhh;nkhd;fs;. ,d;Rypd;. FSf;fhd;.
ml;hPdy; cwhh;nkhd;fs;. brf;!; cwhh;nkhd;fs;/
(Chemistry
and function of the Hormones : Anterior pituitary
hormones: GH, TSH, ACTH, FSH, IH, and prolactin.
Posterior pituitary hormones ADG or
Vassopressin and exytocin. Thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormones,
Insulin, Clucagon Adrenacertical hormones;
Aldosterone. Glucocorticoids ; Male and Female Sex
hormones,
Hormones
of adrenal andmedulla : Spinephrine and nor
Epinephrine.
13/ ,uj;jk; ciwjy; -
gpsh!;kh
g[uj';fs;. brhpg;nuh - !;igdy; jputj;jpd;
cl;bghUl;fs;/
(
Blood and Cereporspinal fluids : Chemistry
of blood coagulation and plasma protenis chemistry
of C.S.F)
gFjp
- 3
Fzg;ghlk;
1/ \ypif tFg;g[ (Mooligai Vaguppu
)
2/ jhJ tFg;g[
(
Thathu Vaguppu )
3/ rPt tFg;g[
(
Jeeva Vaguppu )
jhs;
- 2. gFjp -1
1/ neha; mqfh tpjp xGf;fk; - e";rE}Yk; kUj;Jt
ePjp E}Yk;
2/ neha; ehly; neha; Kjy; ehly; - kUj;Jtk;
bghJ - kUj;Jtk; rpwg;g[/
3/ mWit kUj;Jtk; - Ny; kUj;Jtk;. kfsph; kUj;Jtk;
kw;Wk; gps;is kUj;Jtk;/
njh;t[j;jhspd;
tphpthd ghlg;gFjp
1/
neha; mqfh tpjp xGf;fk;
gpwtpapd;
gad; mila : nehapd;wp thGjy; - nehapy;yh bewp tpl;nlhd;
FUgp mg;gh - fha rpj;jp/ btsp : jPtsp beUg;g[: ePh; - Rj;j ePh; - epyk; - Ie;jpizfs;
- efuikg;g[
- fhyk; rpWbghGJ - bgUk;bghGJ - xGf;fk; -
ePuhly; - MilfSk; Mguz';fSk; - gl;odp tpjp.
clw;gapw;rp. nahfh - ghdk; - jhk;g{yk; - cwf;fKk;.
xa;t[k; - gL;f;if tif ,ju xGf;f';fs; - bgUk;bghGJ
xGf;fk; - vjpbuJ fhj;jy; - bjhj;J neha;fSk;
- xl;L neha;fSk; - fpUkp neha;fs; - jkpHd;
czt[ - gz;ila jkpHdpd; thzpgk; - czt[k; mjd;
jd;ikfSk;.
2/ e";RE}Yk; kUj;Jt ePjp E}Yk;
Kd;Diu
- milahsk; - gpzf;TW Ma;t[fs; - caphpHg;g[
- gpzepw khWghLfs; - g[ijf; FHpiaj; njhz;o
gpzj;ij Ma;t[ bra;jy; - caph;g;g[j;jil (m)
\r;Rj;jil - fha';fs; my;yJ g[z; - fw;gHpj;jy; - ghy;tpid fyg;g[
Fw;w';fs; - tPhpakw;w epiy kw;Wk; kyl;Lj;jd;ik
- fd;dpj;jd;ik- fUj;jhpj;jy; - fUr;rpijt[
- FHe;ij bgw;w epiy - ,sk;FHe;ijia bfhy;Yjy;
- Rl;lg[z;fSk; bfhg;g[s';fSk; - kpd;dy; -
kpd;rhuk; - btg;gk; gzp jhf;Fjy; - grpapdhy;
rhjy; - kdneha;
gFjp
2
1 neha; ehly; neha; Kjy; ehly;
neha;
ghpnrhjid - neha;ehly; gw;wpa tpsf;fKk; tphpthf;fKk;/
- neha; ghpnrhjid - vz;tifj; njh;t[ - nehahsp
ghpnrhjid - neha; tif - te;ijfs; - Ez; fpUkpfs;
gw;wpa gog;g[ - ,isg;g[ neha; rsp ghpnrhjid
- ePh;f;Fwp bea;f;Fwp - rpWePhpy; cg;g[r;rj;J
rf;fiur;rj;Jg; ghh;j;jy; -
2.kUj;Jtk; bghJ
Ru
neha;fs; - Kf;Fw;w neha;fs; - mk;ik neha;fs;
- Ruf;nfhs; - Fuy; fk;ky; - \f;filg;g[ - FUjp
mdy; - ,Uky; neha; - ,iug;g[ neha; - ,isg;g[
neha; - cis khe;ij - uj;jf; bfhjpg;g[ - jkuf
neha; - Ritapd;ik - ePh; ntl;if - brhpahik
- tpf;fy; the;jp - khe;j neha; - Fd;kk; -
Niy kd;dPuy; neha; - fy;yPuy; neha; - btSg;g[
neha; - Cjy; neha; - k";ry; neha; - bgUtapW
- Flw;gpog;g[ neha; - bgU';fHpr;ry; - epzf;fHpr;ry;
- fLg;g[f; fHpr;ry; - CHp neha; - vUtha; Kis
neha; - rpWePh; neha; - ePhpid mUfy; neha;fs;-
fy;yilg;g[ neha; - ePuilg;g[ - ePuf;fl;L -
brhl;LePh; - ePh;r;RUf;F - bts;isneha; - ePhpidg;
bgUf;fy; neha;fs; - mjp\j;juk; - ePhpHpt[
- bjspePh; - ePh;f;fl;ofs; - kaf;f neha; -
typneha; - tsp neha; - gf;ftha[ - fPy; tha[
- mHy; neha; - Ianeha; -
3/ kUj;Jtk; rpwg;g[
fw;gk;
- fw;g nahf';fs; - tha[ jhuiz - gpuhzahkk;
- nahfk; - Mrdk; mjd; tiffs; - kUj;;Jtg; gad;
mc&;lh';f nahfk; -Kg;g[ - njhy; gpzpfs;
- tpsf;fk;. 18 Fl;lk; - fug;ghd; tiffs; -
FHe;ijfSf;Fz;lhFk; njhy;gpzp tiffs; - tpsf;fk;
- gil -. mf;fp rpu';F. njhy; cjpUk; neha;fs;
- ngd;fs; - ghf;Ohpahtpdhy; tUk; njhy; neha;fs;
-g{";ir neha;fs; njhypy; fhqk; itu!; neha;fs;
- njhy; fhrneha; - gUr;brjpy; neha;fs; - Kfg;gU-
rpyejp Kfg;gU - Ko efk; - jpidj; jog;g[fs;
th;kk; - gLth;kk; - bjhLth;kk; - Kjpnahh;
kUj;Jtk; - kdjsh;r;rp - cs; vjph;g;g[ neha;fs;
- bjhGneha;fs; - csg;gpwH;t[ neha;fs; - gpuk;ik
- kjk; kjhj;jpak; - khr;rhpak; - Njpfhthjk;
- kdg;gpwH;t[ neha; - euk;gpay; (typg;g[)
neha;fs; - \h;r;ir- kaf;fk; - bjhf;fzk;
gFjp 3
1/ mWit kUj;Jtk;
mfkUe;J
- g[wkUe;J - njhc&h - kyh - cUg;g[ khWghLfs;
- mfg;ghpfhuk; - gj;jpa czt[ - fPH;fz;l neha;fSf;F
- jog;g[ (tPf;fk; ) - tpg;g[Ujp - (rPjf;fl;o)
tpuzk; - ehotpudk; - mw;g[ tpuzk; - \yk; - gt[j;jpuk; - nkff;fl;ofs;
- khh;g[r;rpye;jp
- fpue;jp - fz;lkhiy -
ahidf;fhy; neha; - mz;lnuhfk; - fy;yilg;g[
- Mz;Fwp neha; - bgz;Fwp neha; - g[w;Wneha;
- fhJneha;fs; -
jiyneha;fs;
- fhJ \f;F neha;fs; - tha;neha;fs; - ehf;Fneha;
- gy;neha;fs; - gy;<W neha;fs; - bjhz;il
neha; - Fuy;tisneha; - fz; neha;fs;
- mfj;jpah; eadtpjp - ehfKdp eadtpjp - Kd;
fz;zpy;. fz; ,ikapy; filf;fz;zpy; - btz;tpHpapy;
fUtpHpapy; tUk; neha;fs; - fz; ghJfhg;g[ -
fz; kUj;Jtk; - KjYjtp - mWit bghJ tpsf;f';fs;
- fhakiljy; - fhaj;jpd; tiffs; - rhjhuz fl;ofs;
- cf;fpu fl;ofs;-(g[w;Wneha;) vd;g[Kwptpd;
tiffs; - bghJg; ghpfhuk;/
2/ Ny; kUj;Jtk; - kfsph; kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; gps;is
kUj;Jtk;
cly;
TWk; cly; jj;JtKk; - Tgfk; bgha;Tgfk; - kfsph;
g[wg;gpwg;g[Wfs; - fUg;iga[k; rpidg;ghijfSk;
- rpidg;igfs; - g{g;g[ - g{g;giljy; - Ny;
Rfuzk; - fU cw;gj;jp - rpj;jh; kw;Wk; jw;fhypff;
bfhs;iffs; - fUg[ijjYk; khia tsh;r;rpa[k;
- fh;g;gpzp cWg;g[fspd; khWjy;fs; - Ny;fzpg;g[
- Ny;fhyk; - kft[ - fUtsh;r;rpapd; epfH;;r;rpfs;
- kfg;ngWk; btt;ntW cja';fSk; - Rf kfg;ngW
eil - kfg;ngW rhjd';fs; - Kjy; fl;lk; - ,uz;lhk;
fl;lk; - \d;whk; fl;lk; - Rfkfg;ngW epfH;r;rpfs;
- Rf kfg;ngW fz;fhzpg;g[ - mrhjhuz kfg;ngW
Ny; Rfuzk; - Ny;fhyj;jpy; njhd;Wk; Rfuz neha;fs;
- fUr;rpijt[ - Ny;g{g;g[r; r";rhu neha; -
kfsph;
kUj;Jtk;; kfsph; nehapd; ghpnrhjid - bka;Tgfk; -
bgha;Tgfk; - fUg;ig - rpidg;ghij - g{g;giljy;
- g{g;g[ Kot[ - g{g;g[f;nfhshWfs; - nghyp
Njff;jil - Rfuz Njfj;jil - kyL neha; - Rj;jkyL
fjyp kyL - fhfkyL - Mz;kyL - bgz;kyL - epue;jukyL
- bgUk;ghL - Njftyp - nahdpf;frpt[ - nahdpjhgpjk;
- kfsph;fSf;F Vw;gLk; neha;fs; - td;fHiy /
gps;isg;gpzp
kUj;Jtk;
gpwtp neha;fs; 1) br';fpue;jp 2) fU';fpuj;jp
3) njhlt Fg;g[ neha;fs; 4) khe;j tFg;g[ neha;fs;
5) fiz neha;fs; 6) fug;ghd; tFg;g[ neha;fs;
7) mr;ru neha;fs; 8) re;Jthj neha;fs; 9) fHpr;ry;
tFg;g[ neha;fs; 10) Ruk; 11) typg;g[
neha;fs; 12) nrhil. ghz;L. fhkhiy 13) rpy
gps;isg;gpzp neha;fs; - ff;Fthd; - brtpneha;
- ehf;F neha; Kjypad/
