UNIT
I
Phycology, Mycology & Lichenology
Phycology - Fritsch's classification of Algae - pigmentation
- Thallus organization - Life - cycles pattern of Algae
- Evolutionary trends in the Sexulity of algae - Economic
importance - Algea as food, feed fodder, fetilizer and
medicines - phytoplankton and their role.
Mycology - classification of fungi by Alexopoulos -
structure, reproduction and economic importance of phycomycetes,
Ascomyates, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromyates.
Lichenology - structure, reproduction and economic importance
of lichens.
UNIT II
Bryology and Pteridology
Byrophytes - general characteristics, structure; reproduction
and alternation of generations. Pteridophytes - general
characteristics - Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Spenopsida
and Pteropsida - Stelar organisation - origin of heterospory
and seed habit.
UNIT III
Gymnosperms and Paleobotany
A comparative account of vegetative and reproductive
structure of Cycadales, Conifierales and Gnetales -
Structure of wood in Gymnosperm - Economic importance
of Gymnosperm - Paleo Botany Geological Time Scale -
Fossilization methods - Fossil types.
UNIT IV
Angiosperm Morphology, Taxonomy and Economic Botany
Root and Stem modification in relation to habitat. Infloresence:
Raceme, Cyme and special types Pollination - contrivances
for cross pollination.
Taxonomy - Angiosperm Classification - Bentham and Hooker's
system - International code of Botanical Nomenclature
(outline).
Family characteristics and economic importance of the
following:-
1) Magnoliaceae
2) Rutaceae
3) Anacardiaceae
4) Leguminosae
5) Asteraceae
6) Apiaceae
7) Euphorbiaceae
8) Arecaceae
9) Poaceae
Economic Botany of
plants yielding wood timber fibre, Oil and medicines.
UNIT V
Anatomy and Embryology
Anatomy:- Meristems and its types. Permanent tissues
simple and complex tissues - normal and abnormal secondary
thickening
Embryology:- Micro sporogenesis, Megasporogenesis -
types of embryo sacs (Mono-bi-and tetrasparic). Double
fertilization and Triple fusion, Types of endosperm
- Embrys development in Dicots and Monocots. Apomixis
and Polyembryony Culture techniques - anther and embryo.
UNIT VI
General Microbiology and Plant Pathology
Morphology, reproduction and economic importance of
Bacteria. Viruses - Bacteriephages, cyanophages, Mycophages.
Their general structure and multiplication. Mycoplagma
- structure. Fermentation and antibiotic production.
Plant Pathology:- Name of the causative organism, etiology
and control measures of the following plant diseases:-
1) Paddy Blast
2) Cotton wilt
3) Citrus canker
4) Powdery mildew
5) Red rot of sugarcane
6) Little leaf of Brinjal
7) Bunchy Top of Banana
8) Early and late Blights of Potato
9) Rust and smut diseases.
UNIT VII
Physiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics
Physiology:- Water relations of plants - absorption
and tanslocation of water and minerals - mineral nutrition
- Photosynthesis, Photochemical reactions and carbon
fixation pathways - Respiratory metabolism - aerobic
and anearobis. Enzymes - Role as biocatalysts - Nitrogen
Metabolism - Nitrogen cycle - Nitrogen fixation - Nitrate
reduction. Plant growth substances chemical nature and
physiological functions of auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins,
ethylene and abscissic acid.
Biochemistry and Biophysics
Biopolymers:- A brief account of Carbohydrates, lipids,Proteins
and nucleic acids and their monomers. An elementary
account of thermodynamic - defination of energy - structure
and role of ATP.
UNIT VIII
Cytology, Genetics and Evolution
Cytology:- Organization of procaryotic and enkaryotic
cells. Cell organells - structure and function. Chromosomes
- morphology structure and role. Cell division - Mitosis
and Meiosis.
Genetics:- Medelism - Interaction of factors - linkage
and crossing over, multiple, alleles, mutation, structure
replication and role of nucleic acids.
Evolution:- Origin of life: Theories of evolution Darwin
- Lamarck and de Vries.
UNIT IX
Ecology, Environment and Conservation Biology
Ecology:- Ecosystem concept - plant communities - Hydrophytes,
Xerophytes, Mangroves. Plant sucession primary and secondary
- climax formation.
Environment:- Pollution of water, air and land, Garbage
disposal, Environmental Protection Agencies, Pollution
monitoring and control.
Conservation Biology:- Conservation and sustainable
development/ Productivity of Soil, forests and natural
resources.
UNIT X
Horticulture and Plant breeding
Horticulture:- Importance and scope of Horticulture
Classification of horticultural plants - fruits, vegetables
and ornamentals.
Garden design and types:- Rockery, Bonsal, Kitchen garden,
Lawn making, Floriculture. Cultivation of Commercial
Flowers - Jasmine - plant propagation methods - cutting,
grafting, layening (Rose) budding, stock - scion relations,
in Mango,
Plant Breeding:- Hybridization techniques Plant breeding
methods employed in the following:-
1) Cotton
2) Sugarcane
3) Paddy
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