(NOW CHANGED AS RURAL DEVELOPMENT)

DEGREE STANDARD

PAPER - I CODE:033

UNIT I
Development: Meaning - Basic elements and objectives Rural Development: meaning, objectives, scope and importance of rural development. Approaches Gandhian approach; Community Development Approach; Sectoral Approach; Target Approach; Area approach; Minimum Need Approach; Integrated approach; Participatory Development approach.

UNIT II
History of rural development in India - Experiments in rural development: rural development during pre-independence period - Sriniketan experiment -Gurgaon experiment -Marthandam experiment-Baroda experiment - Firkha development scheme - Etawa pilot project - Nilokheri experiment - Gandhian Constructive Programmes.

UNIT III
Community Development Programme (CDP) - objectives, principles, coverage, activities, organization, methods and techniques of CDP- Evaluation of CDP. -Development programmes and Panchayati Raj.

UNIT IV
Agriculture and Rural development - share of agriculture in the national income - agriculture as a source of livelihood and employment - agriculture as a source of raw materials, capital for development, manpower, Agriculture Development Programmes: objective, target group, strategies and evaluation of Intensive Agriculture Development Programme. (IADP), Intensive Agriculture Area Programme (IAAP) and High Yield Variety Programme (Green revolution).

UNIT V
Area specific Rural Development Programmes: Regional disparities - meaning, causes and consequences. Meaning and need for regional planning - objectives, activities, target groups and evaluation of Drought Prone Area Programme, Hill Area Development Programme, Tribal Area Development Programme, Command Area Development Programme, Integrated Wasteland Development Programme.

UNIT VI
Alleviation of rural poverty: Meaning, concept, measurement of poverty, causes and consequences. Poverty eradication programmes: objectives, activities and target group, evaluation of Integrated Rural Development Programme, Swarna Jayanthi Grama Swarajgar Yojana, Employment Assurance Scheme.

UNIT VII
Social Welfare schemes for rural uplift: Concept of social welfare, Objectives, scope, activities, performance of Antyodaya programme- Annapoorana scheme - Intensive Child Development Scheme (ICDS), schemes for rural housing, water supply and sanitation.

UNIT VIII
Cooperatives and rural development - meaning and principles of cooperation. Objectives, functions, structure and performance of rural credit and non-credit cooperatives.

UNIT IX
Community Organisation: Concept - meaning - basic assumptions - principles of community organizations. Self Help Group(SHG) as a community organization - structure and functions of SHG - performance of SHG in Tamil Nadu.

UNIT X
Administration of rural development in India - administrative structure for rural development in Tamil Nadu - District Rural Development Agency(DRDA): Structure and functions; Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRI): Structure and functions; Non Governmental Organisation (NGO): Meaning and functions.

References :

Satyasundaram. I (1997): Rural Development, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.

Katar Singh (1986): Rural Development - Principles, Policies and Management, SAGE Publications, New Delhi.

Vankata Reddy.K (1992): Rural Development in India - Poverty and Development, Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.

Maheswari.S (1985): Rural Development in India - A Public Policy Approach, SAGE Publications, New Delhi.

Kanchan chopra, Gopal K. Kade Kodi & Murty.M.N. (1990): Participatory Development, SAGE Publications, New Delhi.

Hoshiar Singh (1995): Administration of Rural Development in India, Sterling Publishers Private Ltd., New Delhi.

Madhuri Sinha (1993): Poverty, Planning and Social Transformation, Deep & Deep Publications, New Delhi.

Sam Bob. B (1998): Participation of the poor in Rural Development Programmes (Selected case studies), Discovery Publishing House, New Delhi.

Rahul Mudgal (1996): Economic Dimensions of Rural Development, Sarup & Sons, New Delhi.

Mathur.B.L. (1996): Rural Development and Cooperation, RBSA Publishers, Jaipur.

Aamarenra (1998): Poverty, Rural Development and Public Policy, Deep & Deep Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Nagpal C.S. & Mittal.A.C. (1993): Rural Development, Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Arun Ghosh (1992): Planning in India, SAGE Publications, New Delhi.

Laxmidevi (1997): Planning for Employment and Rural Development, Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Kalipada Deb (1997): The Challenge of Rural Development, M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Sundaram. K.V (1999): Decentralised Multilevel Planning, Concept Publishing Company., New Delhi.