Unit 1: History
- Methods in microbiology :
Concept of origin
of life - abiogenesis - biogenesis - Spontaneous -generation
theory Contribution by S.A. Waksman, Louis Pasteur Robertkoch,
Winogradsky, Stanely and Edward Jenner - Sterilization
techniques-disinfection- isolation - purification -
preservation of microorganisms - staining methods -
microscopy - micrometry-Different types of culture media.
unit2: Morphology
cytology and classification of microorganisms:
Protists - Archaebacteria - procaryotes - Eucaryotes
- morphology and cytology of fungi bacteria and viruses
- Outline classification of microorganisms. Chemical
nature of cell wall, protoplasm and other cell organels.
Unit 3: Physiology
of microorganism:
Growth and metaholism - nutritional groupings- photosynthesis
- respiration - metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins
- lipids and nucleic acids - Electron transport- microbial
enzymes and regulation
Unit 4: Genetics
of microorganism:
Mutation techniques - genetics of fungi, bacteria and
bacteriophages episomes and Transporans - plasmids -
Transformation-Transduction - Conjugation and genetic
improvement of microorganisms.
Unit 5: Soil and
Agricultural microbilogy:
Various groups of soil microorganisms - Factors influening
soil microbes - Rhizosphere concept- R:S ratio - Decomposition
of organic matter in soil - Biological nitrogen fixation
- Biofertilizers and Biopesticides- important diseases
affecting cropplants and their control.
Unit 6: Industrial
microbiology:
Fermentors - Fermentation process - Production of ethanol
and alcoholic beverages - organic acids - polysaccharides
- Vitamins-enzymes - Growth regulators - Antibiotics:-types,
mechanism of action and uses.
Unit7: Food and Dairy
microbiology:
Preparation of Bread and pickles (Sauerkrut) preservation
of food - Contamination and spoilage of food - Control
of food borne infections - Food toxicity - microbes
as food-SCP-Mushrooms etc . Microbiology of milk, Fermented
milk products - Preservation and spoilage of milk and
milk products.
Unit8: Environmental
microbilogy:
Microbiology of water - Microbial assessment of water
quality - Water borne diseases - Solid and Liquid waste
treatment - Activated sludge process - Trickling filter
- Effluent treatement and safe disposal. Utilization
of liquid wastes for biogas production. Air pollution
- Airborne transmission of microbes and diseases - Bioremediation
-Biofuels, Biochips and Biofilters and their significance-
use of microbes in metal leaching, oil extraction, pesticide
degradation. Basic principles of microbial ecology -
Interrelationship between microorganisms and biological
equlibrium.
Unit 9: Medical microbiology:
Epidemiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of important
human and animal diseases- Immunology - Immunue system
- Antigen, Antibody reactions, Host - Microbe interactions
- Immune response - Hypersensitivity and allergies.
Unit 10: Microbial
biotechnology:
Developments in microbial biotechnology - Genetic manipulation
- recombinant DNA technology- Genecloning or Genetic
engineering and its applications. Gene Conversions -
Genomic library and chimeric genes - PCR and its applications.
- Production of antibiotics, enzymes, insulin, Growth
hormones - interferons - Monoclonal antibodies. Transgenic
plants and their scope in Agriculture.
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